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-’ r ' - . THE CITIZEN, <srinmBh?,TE3uUhnY 18, .1854.
(Euruyelm items.
The U. 5. Mail steamer Pacihc arrived in Now York on Thurs-
‘ Dates: London, Jan. 25, Paris, dun 21
ary, all the survivors were taken all‘ the wreck by the ship An- in b
tarctic, arrived as above, the Threa Bells, and tho Kilby,
k.
for New Yor . ,
THE iVAR.
, There was no longer any doubt that the Russian commander
has orders to act with cner y; it becomes evident that he must, at
whatever cost, edect the capture of Kalcfat. He has indeed sworn
to do so, if it should cost him 20,000 men. All accounts concur
in stating that with this intention the Russians ' ‘
their dispoiuble force in Little ‘vvzillschia.
kotfwas employed in person in cancentratin his force at Rado-
, van, a lace on the mil from Krajova. to it
losses sustained by the Russians in the battles of the 6th, 7th,
l, and 8th, were such as to compel them to draw off until the arrival
of reenfurccmeutl. The Turkish outposts-are at Cioroin, I station
on the same road about ten miles to the south. '5, and seve-
ral other adjoining villaoes, are in the hands of the Turks, and
. must be taken before lialerar itself can be approached. It is,
r i however, so essential to'the Russians to have possession of Kale.
[ fat, that it will doubtllsvs be attacked again and again until taken.
But even if Kalefat be captured at immense loss, Ibcre still re-
’ mains Vvidxlin, on the opposite bank of the river. Widdin is 3
' well fortified town, with worksinf great extent, and in better con-
dition than thoso of any other fortress on the Danube. It can
- only bsvtakeri by a regular siege, and to undertake such a siege
requires the passage of ‘
- The sub’ '
bound
the river by an entire army.
oined is s most interesting letter received by the
Virgina Wonders from on c 0 Witness of the battles of the 6th
and 1th, ncar Kalefiit. It is already known that on t a 8th the
fortune of war turned entirely against the Russians. s ry
l of the six guns captured by the Russians il explain in
which proves that they lie rymlnatically in their bullctim :-
. ' "Ksuou, Lesser Wullachia,Jan. 3,1854. -
“It is but six days that I hurt been in Kra Y ur letter,
, desiriri ms to inform you exactly and truly of everything that
1 might happen at the seat of war, received ix wee '
‘ in the country, but I hal no idea that Lesser iVallachi:i was like-
ly to become the scene of s ch important events. My opirlion
was founded on the former Russo-Turkish wars, in which this
bla was never occupie
present, their number exceeds 25, 00, and as reenforcciuents are
continually arriving from Greater Wallachia, it must. in three or
‘ four days, far exceed 30,000. This disproportionate concentration
i oftroops at the extreme end of such an ilnmensclylong Line of ope-
; rations can only he uplainull by ihe fact that during the lust
f twenty-six years in Moldavia and Wallachis as well as in Servia,
, ‘ a new generation has grown up under the lngis of native institu-
' tissue, to which the tales of the former cruelties of the Turk, are
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lure be and Radovan and attack Krajova. It is possible that they
’ desired by their prudence to give the people of European Turkey
- V n higher opinion of their military tactics than they had before en-
’ tertainsd. . v
“ Be ibis se it nuy, is her] fuugbt and bloody lmtllu took place on
the friiilful and picturesque terrain which extend ' I sou
westcrly direction from Radovan to Cioroin, and thence to Citate
(Zetati) in the west, from that place to Plenizza in the north, and
from Plenizza, in an easterly direction, back to Radovan. Thus
the scene of action formed an oblong extending from east to west.
The conflict, which begun on tho 6th, has continued until to-day,
and we are the less able to conclude what will be its issue, as it is
outside of the Turkish fartidoatiolis, and presents a must ndva.n-
taguous field for cavalry operations. [Herc follows a long descrip-
tion ofthe terrain, whic is not calculated to interest the public.]
, The river forms a curve around Kalefat, the fortifications of which
extend to the Danube on either side. . Their extent is considcrnble,
r arid campetentjudgcs pruisu them highly. Through the middle of
these fortifications runs t a road from Kalr.-l'.it to Krajova. a
Turkish ontpickels are at Cioroin, the second post station toward
Krajova. The Russians aro at ta ovan. Between these two
‘places lies the village of Crucca, where the
into contact that s pitched battle was generally expected. It ap-
pears. however, that the object of the Russians was to dislodge
the Turks, from the villages lying between Comanu, Citatc, and
Sclsceafss their presence there was an impediment to any greater.
operation against Kalcfut. During several days before the 6th,
p skirmishes had. taken place on the plain to the north of Citate.
They were principally combat: between the Turkish cavalry and
the Cossacs, and executed in a style of which people in Europe
can hardly form an lidequate idea. The frequent recurrence of
these skirmishes caused more troops to be brought up on either
sides, so that on the 6th, in the morning, the Russians had 3,500
feet, 1,200 horse, and a few ‘ sutnias ' of Cossacks, mnkin alto-
gather more than 5,000 men.’ The Turks on the field of battle
mlght number about 6,000 men. At noon, alter a cannonade
WlllCl[lAIBed. about A quarter of an hour, the Turkish cav.-il com-
menced the action : and by one o'clock the whole left wing of the
. Turks was-ongaged with the right wing of their hdvorsaricl
. Qb0“]- "Wu a Turkish battalion took to the bayonet, and put
- hussian companies to Hi ht, three of which were almost snn l-
latcd. At this moment t e Turks took‘ five or (according to sonic)
pix guns. ’ e Russians were repulsed, and towards three o'clock
it secmal lis if the battle was at on c . he loss was already
-Mn both wle-. and the ore of the artillcry hud never
ccise from the vc commclicernent of tho 9 r.
break of day, the Russians mails another attempt to disladg; the
, Turks ll Citata: but, after an nngagcmrntwliich hnhsl un imp,
and a half, they were forcud to retire. This Ianguinary haitlu wu.
Lhul without result, though the loss on either sido must no equal
‘ tn nu-Liinod at Oltsnitrzi. One of the persons from whom I
‘ 1
have these particulars, saw the greater part of the battle of the
6th from behind the Russian lincs; and he gives both parties great
credit for their determined courage. '.l'h;it part of the Turkish
corps which suffcrcd most scverely was ii battalion of regulars,
which was posted on the spot where the Russians, after u‘ icaxful
shedding of blood, recaptured their guns on cornparirig the
various account which have hitherto reached ud, I should say
that on both sid s about 800 men were left cad on the Reid, and
that the number of wounded was more than double. "l‘he conflict
cgun again to-dis . v I cannot close my communication with-
out remarking that if the struggle has hccn so deadly outside the
Turk'sh fortification it is likely to be far more terrible vihcn
Kalafat is ntiackcd." ‘ ’ ' ' ' ' ' ’
On the 12th Jan. the Russian General Erigcihardt crossed the
Dhnuhu with 2,000 men, and laid. waste Ll-iu country opposite to
At Reni, on’ the extreme corner of Bessrtrabia, formed by the
Pruih and the Danube, Russian troops are preparing to cross.
is probable that by this limo considerable bodice of Russians have
invaded Bulgaria. (the territory of Turkey proper), and thafwe shall
noun hear of the paeszigo of t is left wnig of tbe‘Russian army
across the Lower Danube, Where the Turks can have no consider-
able force to oppose t ' V ‘
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Q
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u
tz.
em. . V i .
On lath January, the Russians had again attacked lilatschin,
and when accounts left, the bottle was raging fiercely, the Turks
defending themselves with their usual brave . ' a Russian
division at Giurgevo was ulso preparing to attack Rustcliuk, if
indeed it had not been already done so. ; .‘ , r
This I-lospodui-s of Moldavia and Wsllachia have refused the pcn-
sion which the Czar had olfcrcd them, and have protested against
the Russian usurpation of thcir territory.
anot. .
n addition to the reenforcemcnts sent undcr convoy of the allied
e ts to Batun, six battalions of infantry and two companies or
:3
op-p2
on the 13th January Omar Pasha was at Kalcfat, where a high
guervatory has been erected that overlooks every movement of the
user I. I i V , A r
Russia, it appears, will issue letters of marque, in the cxpz-cta-
tion that it will indict “ great damage on English trade in America,"
In Paris the delay on the part of Russia to reply to the propu-
sitions of the Powers, was interpreted to-day at tho Bourse to be
favorable to peace. All stocks rose in consequence. Threes closed
at 59 francs; Four-and-a-half pur‘crnir, oi .
Dclvrusz-Copzvllilzgcn, Jan. 20.-it is said that Russia. refused
to consent to tho neutrality of Denmark, and demands that she dc-
cidc with one or the other. V l ' .
THE FLEETS IN THE BLACK SEA.
It will be seen from the abstract of news which the papers fur-
nish us that altlidhgh the dccts of Fralico and England have actu-
ally entercd the Black Sea, thcy‘aro to conhne thcinsclvcs strictly
to the initructioris given of old by Dogbcrry to hisw I -
that the Czar is awirc of it. xi xct there is noiliinw
structions to prevent the Russi:l.us ovorrunriing aud
urkey. . v , k r .
On the 9th January, at ll o'clock A. !llI., the last of the English
and Frcnch ticcts were out cf sight from the furthest point of land,
' ‘rung oflivu frilvciles and six
in their in-
conquering
board shall be lawful
eian Embuisadors at Constantinople had protested against the entry
of tho fleets into the Disc ‘on, is incorrect, but nice representa-
tivcs did send to Rcschid Pasha a notification that tho step taken
by France and England went beyond thc agreement entered into by
the Four Powers on the 12th Decelubrr. Tho allies had been met
January 9, y the mail-steamer from Trclzizond; the were licor-
ing with is f.lir wind and fine wcathcr far Datun,wlicm the would
arrive the next day. The grehlost enthusiasm was mani csted in
Constantinople when it was known that tho flecks had actually
sailed. It has been already mentioned that .in the event of coming
into action, Admiral Hnmrlin (French), would tako command of
the allied ships. rumor’ rcvailcd in Constantinople that tho
llccts, having cscortcd the Turkish ships to Batun, would return to
thin Bospliarous in about iiwcek, but this last sccnicd unlikely.
The orders given to tho flccts are to qalutc the Russian ships so
long as matters rennin as they are; should the Russian naval
force attack any Turkish ship within tlirco and a half miles of the
Turkish cost, or any ship belonging to the protecting powers, thcri
active hostilities will he imlncdiately commenced.
f we ma credit a Vienna telegraphic announcement of date
21st, the Czar‘s reply to the notification rrspcctinw the cntry of the
iiccte docs not regard that mu: as a direct coslz: ‘lrlli. He leaves
it, however, to be unilcrstool that the Russian fleets will pur-
suo its mission in the Black Sea, and he fur-thcr points out lhc pro
bability that conflicts will arise, new that the deals are in prcscnce,
and that these may very easily involve the three countries in ii war
The Czarfs final answer to tho propositions now before him for
peace or war will of course supersede the above. .
ll. was at first stated that the Russian Admiral had issued orders
to all his cruisers to return to Scvastopol, but later commands, said
to have come direct from the Czar, order all the ships to put to srs.
t was considered that the Czar‘: policy is to hate the allies commit
the first act of war, by firing the first hostile shot, and it is there-
fore expected that some slight rencounter may take place at Batlm,
vi-hero Russian ships are known to be, and to which place the
Turkish confoy is dcstincd, This, in his nice conscicntioiisrlcss,
the Czar would con.-iiilcr to justi him in formrdly declaring war
d and France. . - - V ‘ ‘
Russian Admiral to the captain of the
the rig ish and
is‘-
0
..
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nanicl '
Admirhl, and that he should Icavo Scvasiopol, or rvmain in it, 80-
cording to the order: he vccciv u or his iuime-
iiiula superiors. It appears that tho Archduke Constantine was at
Sevaslopol at the time, and when he bc.-ird ofthc rnrnrnge dclivi-rc
by the English captain, new in a passion, and declared that he
would instantly give orders for the acct to go to sch, lct what would
happen. Ifllic mcnrincc lui carried into effect, it is not improbable
h that a collision has by thistimc takcn place.
The Daily .‘i':u-.1, of Tuesday, published the following doculncrit
as this notice by which the Earl-ah M Fm-ch V
intimated to the Governor of Scbastnpol the entrance of the com-
hineil liocte ‘into thu Black sun, with orders to [irottszt the Ottoman
territory :- -- 4 - 1 l
“ To the Governor of Scbsstupol-Cnnformhlily with the orders
of my Guvcrnnir-.nt, tho Uritish [French] squadron. in consort with
that of France [England], is on the ppint of appearing in the Black
Sea. The oliynot of nah vv------‘nt H to prpwot the Ottoman tor-
Gorchakotf is believed to have established his headquarters at I
F .
.un not dispersing his men-of-war, II had previously been resolved
' at all tho naval stations on the southern tonst. Priccs Ire rising; '
ritory from all aggression or hostile act ; [apprise your Excellency
ihnreor. with 1 view to prevent all collision tripling to disturb uh.
amicable rclutintls existing betwecli our Govc -merits, which I am '
desirous of preserving, and which, no doubt, your Excellency is
equally anxious to maintain. To this end,l should fevl happy
to learn lllnt your Excellency, animated by lheso intentions, had
dcemed it ex edicilt to give tho rcquisitu instructions to lbs
Admiral commanding the Russian forces in the Black Sch, so as
to obviate any occurrence calculaicd to endanger prim. ' A
V t zhcilrrs. - '
- - “ Unison n’I'Ill.l.rne.]"
The letters of both Ambassador: are precisely in these terms,
and with the last word underlined in above. The Retribution ha:
conveyed them to Scbastopol, with s Frcncb ohicer in charge of
his own mbass:idor's dispatch. The ex '
subjects, t o engineers of the Medari Tirljaret and Egyptian
steamer, captured by tho Runialu, has Mlobccn formally dcliisnded ‘
y our mhasslidor. . ,
The Constantinople correspondent of the Dail New, writing
on the 2nd inst., says -“My lust of the ‘.!9lh uh. informed you
that twelve steamers were at that date on till! point cferilering the
Black Sea. ' ' '
l
Admirals, a conference was held on board the flag-ship, and it w
finally resolved that the expedition should consist as follows :-
"xol.lsir.-Britannia, Queen, Bcllerophon, Rodnry. Albion,
Vengeance, London, Agamemnon (screw), Sanspareil (screw),
Terrible, Retribution, Furious, Ti er. Firebrsnd-steamers. -
Tilers.-Taif, I-‘eizi, Dabri. It eiljidie, Ciiaski, Cbsdi, Muhbirt,
uru-steamers. These convey ten thousand troops and warlike
stores under cover of our 5 i s.
“ zelvclr.-Villcl do Paris, Friedlsnd, Ji?na, Jupiter, lemmepes.
iesri lV., Charlemagne (screw); Golucr, Mogaldor, Suzie. P-lageb
lcln. Dcacaries-steamers.” .
The latest rumor points to the probability of a collision between
the Allied and Russian licets. was said that the whole Russian '
heel. (consisting of forty ships, of which one half are ships of the
line), had sailed from Sebustopol. Admiral Dundas has decided
upon, and be has accordingly entered with the whole of his forces.
. Tlfil WAR IN ASIA.
, The defeat cfAlldi Paslia, near Gumri,’wss said to have consid-
crably disorganized the Turkish army in Asia.
Accounts later than the above mention ihnl owing to the exer-
:-
a
g been previously viarncd by an agi-nt from
Constantinople, lhe ships approached during the night and landed
their cargo in sacks along the share, and when completed flrcd three
guns so u si rial. Almost before the report had died away. A ban
of a thousand horsemen dashcil between the Russian arts-each
inari strapped a sack of powder before him, and all galloping off in
ilft-rent directions, suocccded in gaining the mountains.
- .
, izxc LAND. :
Great prt-parstioiis, involving heavy expenditures, are going on I v ,
snd 2 war-taxation will soon be rlcedful; but, in the meantime, se.
vcre distress is felt both by the agricultural and mnnufacturin,
populations. “'9 give some cxlracts to show the condition of the
People : sud it must be rcmcmbered that lhrso poor people have
no interest whatever in the prcscrvaticu of the European rlatlu
qua ,- and would be materially bcny,-fited (as they begin to know and 4 -
feel) by the abolition of that, and of the British Empire along
with it. ‘ '
BRIAVI Rica‘ is Soilrzussrrnlsc.-Tile borough of Taunton was,
on Saturday list, the scene of inmost disgi-.iccful tumult, occa-
siorlcd by a lar 0 number of men and women parading the streets,
armed with stic s and stones, and visiting the m3I’hCl>l10u5Cl for
the avowed purpose of reducing the price of rrovisiol-ls. Th.
movement originated among a few low fcllorrs, W o emerged from
uneighboring bcer-house for the purpose of making I disturbance,
which they expressed their determination of doing, " like dis Dar -
vonshire la s." About tvrclve o'clock they entered the corn-
market, where thzy were joined by I number a women, who
had assembled at the corners of the streets to discuss the high
price of food. -. he mob collected round a farmer who offered 1
quantity of wheat of a very infcrior description at Sn, 6 . per
bushel, and, as he refused to reduce the price for what they consi-
dcrcd an article Icarccly hi for pigi. lhey ernylied lhu sack! ins
scattered the corn about the market. H‘? were now called
upon, but they wcrgtotally unable to check the spirit of tho mal-
contents. he mob ncxtprocee .2 la the“ " "'et, and mm.
pletely upset every thing, vi-hit-li induced the market-women to sell
t cir bum-r nt- ls. pcr poun -a reduction of 4d. to 5d. on the
original price. The butchers’ shsnibles were also visited. and tho
cutest confusion prevailed; a number of stones were thrown at
.->.... ‘v,xv.e.‘.;, , .
r
. . : bu
largo numbcrpf spacial constables having been sworn, iigy went
with the m.-lgistratus to the spot, and dispersed the mob. ' .
-i-iii: wuss irovcuxx-i-. ,
Plcrsrps.-The rcturiie for tho lwcnlytjlrst week of um min,
and trio sixlcenlh of the lock-out, show that the number of unms- -
played hands relieved from the trades unions funds was l.'>,‘.lS2;
fast Wye . 2.12 ; Increase. mil. The an-iount distributed in rb
1-cf I1--s wevlgwas $3.029 4.. 5.1.; last urclr,,.c3,7o.s,ler. 3d.;
decrease, 126:6 11s. 9d. ’ It will be YL‘mtl'nl1(“l'('d l.l.:it the women
celvcd an extra allowance for is Christmas dinner, which will sc-
couut for the difference of expenditure n<‘.”.cd in the ctrnpaxiacn c!
the two weeks‘ Ictuni. . - .
3
‘VioiKfTllo mill of Mr. Bond, at xlil‘ll]l2V.ll3I conimrriccd :
mom 2 with about l30 hands, or half‘ the full comp‘cn:or.t; but
I osr: .Mr. R. Pcnnirigion and Mr. A. Fri: Iingion, at the some
Placflrtill conti -a close 'lhe numlwr of Hindlcy operatives
r
cmaining on sin]: is about’ 900, rind of Wigan operatives about ',
1,000. , . V r
A Tiis Ficrolir Orclui-xvcs' Srsrizso-All the mills in Vi igan are
now running, with more or loss hiullls, but this ntrilio is not yet
end he 0. rd-room operatives bolon;’“’ ‘ ‘ " ‘ "‘ l
”‘v- I‘ .,.r.-