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g THE CITIZEN, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY .11, 1851.
Ainsriean Duties on Irish Linens.
A long letter has been published from Geuera.l,DulI' Green
l.g'aI.llSB the removal st‘ Arnerican duties‘ on Irish linens. In his
letter he states that he was for many years an advocate of free trade,
but alter hisretireluent from the Press iii 1836, he changed his
opinion, and saw that the sustains involve something more than
the more question of revenue, and that the currency had more
"effect on prices than the tarid‘, and that there was a power con-
nected with the Iliinlr of England end the London Exchange
which transferred the effects‘ of their overtrading and speculation,
causing the explosion to take place here instead of in London,’ and
that funding system which possesses this wer is in the
hands of a few bankers, has orgrlriizecl the taxation of European
lnonarchics, and is stronger than the inonarcliies which circled it.
Tliatpit rs anti-republican and anti-American. The ollowin are
principal portions of Mr. Green's letter to the secretary o the
treasury, which, independent of political speculation, treat the
question as a matter of trsdc.
In your report on the finances you recommend the repeal of tho
duty on hricn fabrics, and the Committee on ‘Vays and Means
have reported a hill in accordance with your recommendation.
Iuiiderslund you to recognize the principle of protecting Ameri-
can industry, as well manufacturing as agricultural; for you pro-
ose to retain the resent duty on su i articles as are largely
manufactured in the nitcd States, and recommend adding to the
free list articles not the produce or manufacture of the United
. States, and which are used in the arts or inaiiufa s. I - . ’
. Alter a careful examination, I am satislied that the culture and
manufacture of hemp and liztx, if placed upon ills same footing,
will do more to promote the wealth, prosperity, and financial inde-
pendcnccpof this country than the culture and manufacture of
go .
tton. . . . , , .
According to .ur. vvil.-on, the annual import into England of
dressed libre, during the last ten years, was 70,000 tons, and for
185! was 124,784 tons, worth twenty-live millions of dollars, and
that. the import of linseed for crushirl was 650,000 quarters, and
vgf oil-cakes 75.000 tons, worth ten mi lions nrorearnnlrina thirty-
avu millions of dollars smium, w it: g '
and the northern ports, and which could be supplied by the United
' ...lAles. . -
"ill.-it there Wrle employed in spinning hair in lR5l-
nus
sue.
no 1!. Vs. Alnerir
The capital t us invested may he estiinalull at 40 millions of
dollars, of which 25 millions belong to Great Britain, and hand-
s inning is carried on on the continent to so great an extent that
l. or yarn thus produced is much more than is spun on all tlicsu
spindles. - ' i r . - .
, , The manufacture of linen in England was 110,000,000 yards iii
1850, and her aggregate export of yarns, thread, small wares, and
woven goods in 1852 was $26,684,355, of which near three fillhs
,, .
I ' were consumed in the United State .
The culture of dax in Ireland in 1818 was 53,668, , and has
' gradually increased, until in 1953 it was 175,469 acres.
It may be said that as Great Britain pays some $35,000,000 to
Russia and to the North of Europe for this fibre, seed and oil-cake,
an we consume so inuc of her manufactures, it is the mutual
interest of both countries that we should grow the raw material to
pay for her munufactures.. As well might it be said that as Great
' in consumes so much of our Cotton, therefore we should grow
the raw material to pay for her manufactures, and therefore should
repeal our duties on Cotton Goo]:
pose a rape o a duties on Cotton fabrics.
congress lev a protective duty on Cotton fabrics and admit Linen
fabrics duty reel - ‘
Mr. Wilson says, it will require the product of aoo,ooo acres to
supply the present demand of Great Britain. . f we estimate the
product of 600,000 acres at $40 per acre, then we have the gro
mum of $'w‘4,000,00 f we estunate the value at $50, then we
have the sum of 830,000,000 ; and on Great Britain now pays
more than ibis sum to Russia and the Northern ports, for bbre,
sued, and oil-cake, an as we consume more than two yards a
head of her linen, and the North of Europe, from whom she pur-
chases the raw material, oeii not consume I-38th part of a yard
per head, it will be seen that if we can furnish it at the same price,
Bnwlund will purcliasu from us in preference.
ii conclusion, permit me further to add, that it is said, upon
what appears to be good aulhorily, that the -mater part of the
500,000 spindles in Ireland are owne‘l by six in ividuals; that the
non manufacturers of Great Britain are email her most wealthy
and iulluential capitalists; that they have on istvd the active oo-
s
or
u
- 2
one side of the question. VVe now "via the other In a recent
number of the CITIZEN, we published 5 letter on the subject, from
Mr. James McAdam, jr., of Belfast, Ireland, to the New York
' Jolmuil of Commcrcr, in reply to an article of the Tlilllmz. Mr.
McAdam has just addressed another interesting letter to the New
York 'l'i'mc.r, in answer to the IVashington correspondent. of that
journal. The following are extracts, from the letter of Mr.
, .ll’.tdam :-Your Washington correspondent says that, “ the
free admission of Irish linens is not 0 very orcat interest to the
praple of Ireland, because the trails is in the hands of large British
capitalists who own the mills, macllinery, ' ., and who. by the
power of capital, will reap all the advarilages in-isin to the manu-
facturers.” This is a total mislakeu Being intimately acquainted
with the niaiiufaizlunz, iii all its branches, 1 can confidently atlirni,
that it is, with tritiii-lg exccptioiis, zzclusively an entirely in the
hands of Irishrnrn, and that, so farjroln British capitalists reapin
- its advantages, its progress in Ireland has been so rapid that Great
Britain has been completely tlistaiiced, lind that while in 18‘.‘.9,the
sister island had a large number of liax-spinning factories, nnd Im-
land had none at all, the luttcr country has now nearly 600,000
ipiudlor, while England null Scotland to ether barely reach that
tigure. It is Irish capital vr ich has nm e the linen trade of Ire-
land unquestionably the first in the world, an as redeemed the
stigma out upon her that her pic were incapable of successful-
‘ l prosecuting any great rnnnufacture. An it is ' ' g
t o prolitl amassed in carrying on this trade with energy and enter-
’ r I I'llP, that the horth of Ireland has become prosperous ; that Bel-
sst has, without any Govrrnlnant aid, EX[lt'3llLlI't.l $2,500,000 nn u",
in: rovrmcnt of in haylmr. $1,200,000 on municipal improvoiueiilii,
and $15,000.00!) on railroads lind canals ; that its progress in popu-
lation has been of late in a more rapi ratio than any city in the
H,-iii.“ umpire, London ulime excrple . . . 2
, Your correspondent. says: “ The tmdc,loo, is local-cuiillned to
particular localities IIDIIQIII of being drtnbuted over the country."
etiy :5 Russia "
This is, also, most erroneous. F1ax.spirin'ulg fzlctaries arc to be
found in twelve counties of Ireland, bleach icons throughout the
whole of Ulster. and weaving in uvi-ry paris l of that province. and
about Drogllcda, cork, Galwny and ‘Voslport. ' rug and
weaving establishments are now being erected on on extensive
scale on thelranlis of tile Shannon, the Boync, the Lilly and the
Erne. And the culliralion of tlax, Ivllic six ears ago was
but 53,000 acres, iilld was oonliiicd to Ulster, is this Mr 176,000
acresfsnd has sprcad to every county of Ireland, an the value of
the crop is estimated at 511,000,000, alfording profit to illa Irish
farmer and employment to the Irish laborer. Such are the actual
features of a trade which your correspondent says is confined to
particular localities, and not distributed over the country -
o g s on to remark that the Irish linen trade is vl'i:-allhy and
well established, and does not need legislative encoinageun-nt from
America. This a pears to me to be avoiding the real point B
sue, viz: the advantage to American consumers o a rzinlssiun o
the import duties. More these duties abolished the pop i n of
..,’l‘
E
the United States would save upwards nrsl,r.oo,ooo annually, tak- '"'
In the consumption st what it was last yenr., Ashrrt now costing
a dollar and a half could be had for less than ailollar arid a qiiarter,
and asinhll table cloth now sold at $5 would he bought for $4.
his is very apparent, and should weigh with every man who e-
sizes to see household comforts made chenper, and lliertfore more
accessible to . ’ a
l have a list of tile 0:13-spiniiing factories of the United States,
furnished by good authority, and find um llleir aggregate spindles
are under what many single factories in Ireland possess, and less
t an halfizontaiined in one, in this toWn.- Nor do I think that the
other branches of the trade can be more important. To uianut'ac-
lure linens, ams Inuiit ad ; and, as there is no hand-spinning
in America, they must eilherbo procured from the few little native
factories, or be imported. find the aver c yearly i o
foreign yarns into the States to be 650,000 bu.-value 580,090.
This may appear at first 3 respectable quantity; but when I men-
tion that the little liinudnrn of Belgium, which possesses iio,
spindles-more than ve times the number in the vlholel Ilnionw
‘ ely permitted the free import of yarns, for ccrlain and
last ear took 680,000 lbs., value $121,000, the Anlcricaii im on
‘ e estimated at its true relative proporlion,l 3Sll,Ill4:n, is it
sensible to require that the whole Opulalion of the United S'atee
pay $1,600,000 per annum more, or the linen they consume, than
they could have it for under Mr. Guthrie's proposed free list, in
order solely to give extra prolils to a mere lrundrul ofpcrsons occu-
pied in the trilling native manufacture!
am confident that it will be pleasing to Congress to ailirin the
admission of liar and linens on the free-list ofiinports, ninizl‘, at the
same time, it mm] c an important boon to the American consu-
mer, and would materially aid the future progress of the staple
ofthis green is n , whose sons and daughters have, in no
inconsiderahle do ice, belpedio develop the resources of t c . ’
0
meri-
n continent, an form, with their dericcndunls at the prelicnt day‘
so large a proportion of your population.
, - v - . , g
. . . (‘Elly Elllelltgtlue. .
Tile SMALL Pox.-Itntrisci: Vhcclsarlox.-Dr. Dickson, the
editor of a Medical Periodical of this City, called the Scalpel, in an
article just published. attributes the great prevalence of Small Fox
in New York, to the ignorance, care essnuss, and wiult of honesty
on the part of physicians, in not applying the right kind of vaccine
ma ter, an e warns t e ulilic against being imposed upon in be-
Canvusriow or lxisir Soclsriss.-A Convention fJf‘Deltgatc.s
from several of the Irish Benevolent and -Trade Societies at this
City, was held at Montgomery Hall, Prince-atregt, on n ' urn-
ing. Will. Carroll acted as Chairman. ' The objcctofthc meeting
was the consideration of the celebration of the approaching anni-
’ i a procession, but only a limit-
ed number of Sociciics were rt-prrscrilcd, and the Convention od-
juurmwl indefinitely, wllhout ir.-ms.-ieiinw any business. It ‘is
understood, that there is a very general feeling among the Societies
to abandon the custom, that has hitherto prevailed, ofuiarching in
procession on St. Patrick's Day, as it tends to no good or useful.
end. The Irish military organizations, however, will parade on
that day. H ,
Tns CtZ!vl"l'lAL Pius.-This project has excilt-d a good of contro-
versy; the Izilizcns fur and azpinsl. it have been card before com-
mittees oflhe Common Council. It appears that i lanhzllan Island
lose in favor of tb pro cot, and the whole expense to the city
$8,000,000-but others contend that it would amount to $20,000.‘
000. . ‘
-i‘rII.'ETlh'l) or -me Psirnri: Co icllisl:s's ‘SOL‘ll'l’t'-PRE6E.i“t‘t-
riosi.-Thu I’rii-ate Co:ichuien'u Protective Union Society held their
monthly meeting in Constitution Hall, Eroadws ‘, on Thursday
evening, 2nd inst“ I‘l-L VVll.i.iAM CAKE in behal of tlic $0f.'l8Iy
presented to their President, Mr. Rlciniiu VVii.su, a splendid gold
hunting watch, as n token of their tharikfulucrs for the services
rendered by him in organizing and sustaining their or iralion.
f Mr. Wu.-an, in sccepllng the present. replied in a frw lu-‘let’ and
appropriate remarks, allsr uhicli the meeting adjoul-no .
Mnutber robbery equally daring recently took plar-e at tho Il'Tln"
ousc. A lroardur named Joseph A. Eddy, returning to the hole
in the evening, laid his overcoat beside him, while he was reading.
time, on loo ‘lg for the coat, he fuuil it was gone.
It contain:-d three promissorv notes, to ibe amount of Sl3,00-0, and
- bo and mortgage for $13,500. The coat was sdvc is
it was found ut 3 puwn office,‘ and the thief traced thence. The
promissory notes were found in his possession
'1 A meeting of persons opposed to ilru removal of the bones from
the graveyard, corner of First lrlreet and Second avenue, was held ,
at Hermitage Hallon Saturday everiinrv There was a large num-
ber of wuiucn present, who manifested a deep interest in the pro-
ceedirigs. Addresses were made by Messrs. Shiel, Butt, D!.‘Flbk.
Stafford, and other gentlemen, on the subject of the ilescrration of
the burying-ground by the trustees of the uve lleihodist churches.
They have auccccded in getting a temporary inyuncuou ‘against
the removal of the remains oflho dead from the pixies in dispute.
:1:
' Pirsiclr O‘Doxolsoz.-Thu 0‘Donohoa Fund Cununitltc has
been perfected. Dudley Perssc, Esip, Nassau street, has been ap-
pointed Treasurer, and Messrs. M. Dolieny and P. Lynch Corres-
in Sccrvtaries. ‘Van! Committee: were nlsn arranged on
iianday night lo lonlinltur the collection in the city. The prospect!
towards raising some adequate maintenance for r 0 Done oe a
widow are, on the whole, farorub c. ‘
such Irislimwn in Anicrica as have prosperrd in the len .
vTnu Ilmii Piilcs oir Foon.-The price of tiour is enormous-
without precedent in New York. The Boston paper: as 1,53‘
with the stock accumulated in Canada and various towns of how
Eiigland, there is dour enough in the country. and that the
ltetjing that they or their families are vaccinated, when they wally
are not. e defines the sure of rue “ Cow Pox,", as follows :-
On the seventh or ci-vhth day from the insertion of the lymph, this
should appear u -- l>r‘3wn centre, of an or shape, inrrrourulca by
ro- a little circle ofpenrl colored -lots, or vusiclvs, containing the lymph,
and outside of this a rose-colored blush, fading away gradually In
the skin oftlie arm.” VVherethcre is only Ill irregular brown spot
of a single color, with no pearly circle of dots, and no areola, it is
upurious. Vacciii.-itiori discover by J.-,nner,iuilerived from racclz
. cow, and vaccine lymph is the virus or lymph ofemallpox, i-l:ibo-
reted or changed by the cow's system ; although it differs entirely
from the eruption of smallpox, it is unquestionably capable of pre-
venting that ilisoasc for a number n rs. receives anolller
element, (what, we do not l.now,) from tlle cow's systcrn, illat
makes it protective, although it cannot reproduce the smallpox in
tlppxperson vaccinated-that is to so , it cannot go backwards and
p uce the appearance of the sore rain which it originalcd in the
human bcin . nner vaccillstiali is not wom out. and t e
system is still sufficiently saturated with the virus, the pack will
not appear even from vaccination with the true lymph ; but it should
ed thrro times, its sometimes on the third trial, the pock rip-
pears, and the vaccination, according to r. Dickson, might to he
re led till the true cow ' a pearince ceases. lie so '2 2-
-‘ hefact is,'evcry intelligent, rational tlrii-lg, should make himself
acquainted -Will] a subject so im ortant; learn to disliiiguinh the
vaccine vesicle lit a glance, and insist upon being repeatedly vacci-
nat ,ns ong so the result shows any appearance of the broviu
3‘
El‘
centre, the pearly circle of dots, and the rose lcafarcola; or if dune n
three times with ood lym la
,lrulective. y do not rintelligcnt tcachcrs provide themselvrs
W-lb lyuaivll. and teurli this know ledge and ask perlnis-lion to vacci-
nate their schools! It would be worthy n noble calling like theirs."
Cocolion Col.i.lros.-'l‘rouble has arisen in Columbia College,
m reference to the professorship of chemistry and natural and er-
re is a vacancy, and it is admitted on
liirtrkcls nil! be glulteil with the opening of navigszion, unless
[lriccu advant: famine nice in the old world, which there
is hardly mason to believe will be the case.
pr in any with a magullicent stand of
are, through Miss Eliuibelh Gibson and Miss Davis. ill Centre Mar-
ket drill rooms. ‘ e ‘ ‘ '
For the lust fcw days the North and East River: have been
cow.-rell eiill llmling icc, an some barks and smaller boat: have
been in'uri-d. One piece of ice, about 400 feet long and 200 feet.
vt-ide,pa.sscil up the East rivcr between Buttermilk channel I
Atlantic docks, and coming in contact with a couple of piles at the
latter place-timbers of great tliiclincss-snapped them in pieces
ml if they were made of straw. ‘ , ‘ g
The passengers by the Hamilton ferry are now so numerous that
a third boat is required, as well as on the Atlantic street fem.“
indeed, there appears to be Moreover.
there is no good reason why one boat should not be run xll night
BS in the adjoining ferry, llISl(':I1I ofslopping at twelve o'clock.‘ -
- A few days ago, a gentleman naulrd Cavanagh, full by accident
from one of tie North ferry -n.-its unobserved. He was rescu
by ‘Vin. ll. Kelly, one of the duck hands of the Mont.-iuli, at the
’ w li e Kelly
.The auilnclly oi‘ robbers in New York is daily increasing. A
uv.- n 5 ago. in lirunil dayliglit. Robert “ilson was ailing
through Cherry streut, when he was seized and dragged through n
all into the rear of n Ilollzll‘, and there robbed by three men of
3172. Two of them, named Shoe and Morton. were subsequently
a . ' ' ‘
Some hrltrr lights are required at the ferries ever the East rirsr,
‘ ‘ ted
rations of any randldaie who has olfernd, and also that his cha
M In lll'I"9l6 his is uniuipeaclinhle. But there is one little ll"
'9“lf.“it in religion. The trustees nru oil or members of the
Episcopal Church. of the “ Orthodox" Fresh 'terinn, or Dutch Res
t-lrmed-al rinit ' Dr. Gibb on t e at er and, is ‘a
la
bhiitarian. . On this gmu
lion whether they can do so legull .‘ haolumllla College, which is
. undred years olil, was clrarwrulby '
gave it a portion of the “ King's Farm," and since the revolution it
has received “ material aid" in rrrious ways from the Note Legis-
' n An act passed in 1737, con rini the t-Inner. era-pi:-d
the clause proscnbirig that the President should be of the Episco-
Church. An act ‘n 10, ordained that the religious
tenets ofan person should not he nconditiun of his adlnission lo
otlicc in Co uinbia College; and n lnuzr act ext:-lids the principle to
all inco ntctl colleges and academics, prohibiting Ill religiouu
qualiticntions and torts. It seems that two hundred ofillo Alumni
ave reconimcndcd lhr. sppoininrrnt ofDr. Gibbs. It is rliruuirnra
that application will be made to the Legislature to mourn llirue
ti-usu:es who have insisted on a religious test.‘
As the llerctiiitile Library is About to be moved up-town, illlullvfl‘
libra down-town ll about to he established rur um um nf tho
mi
-=1
E.
merchants and others.
as in douse fogs those now used are of little use It is estim
ma: 15,000 persons cross daily lletwccn New Yor 11 Lou I
land. They are entitled to every reasonable prov on for their
lnfcly. . .r r
A few evenings ago, tvio men were ruundun u rn . '
Governor's Island, who attracted the hands on one 0%‘ll?ti3Pl?:Y:;
boats with IIIPIP crie , ey were found to be desorter: from the
island, Thry were rv)4rued,aniIiisccr1:iirlcd. lunar nearly dead with
O
E.
:4
T119 lilil“ l‘“ll‘u";' No. 203 Don-cry, was destroyed by ire a
few ex-emngs ago. and four nrt-nicn were buried beneath the ruins.
strange to say. they were all rrscucd alive, and none of them dan-
gerously inyured but one.
Arvxivsusiltr or-nus “'iiLi-ii -kpniumlp ' l‘ h
, . . A arymoctirlg D t o
W It-.l:(llt IlI‘Nrw Yivrli has been called to malie anangcnicnla by
“E” WWI '0 teldvg-its the approaching Cambrian lxniornl An-
“""9‘“'y wilh the spirit and enthusiasm due to the ilav and to the
lilrrviory of the uuuiont Cynmi rac . ' ‘
Y 'l'us,Ni:w Yolci: Isllusrriiii. Iixulnirlox.-Esra:-cu.-In our
['1 of fucceisful Irish couipciilora at the New York in-lusti-‘nil
1-xlubmou. the mine of Mi... Margaret ciunry. of clonmel. vii
iliisprintiyl Clay, Sim obtain-cal tliregi pm-vi in Berlin wool.
'e commend the matter to ‘
l
l
'1
