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THE FATHERLAND . 9
From this body, Germany can bring her arm; to the last man,
to the scene of battle, while the Austrians are compelled to pro-
tect their country on the Roumanian, as well as the Italian bor-
ders, by constantly having regiments of men at these places,
thereby being compelled to keep these men out of the field of
action. It is estimated that these compulsory, inactive troops
amount to live army corps, or 200,000 men, leaving only 9,9()(),000
men for active work.
It is much more difficult to estimate the strength of the army
of the Allies. It is easiest in the case of France, because of the
fact that the conditions are like those of Germany and Austria.
With a population of comparatively forty millions, it is possible
for France to furnish about four million men for active work.
However, 3,400,000 would represent the utmost limit-a figure
which, as we see it, is placed proportionately considerably higher
than that which we accorded either Germany or Austria. Eng-
land has no compulsory military service; and, moreover, she is
compelled to keep a part of her European army in India, Egypt,
South Africa and other possessions. Whether the recruiting will
meet the desired result is still to be seen. Surely the Irish are
not anxious to enlist; and in addition with the ever-present fear
Of 3 German invasion, England can and will never permit her
own country to be without troops. If we, according to this, esti-
mate that England could send one million men to the Continent,
this figure would be her highest quota. Entirely different factors
exist in Russia. This huge country has not less than one hun-
dred and thirty million population‘; but it is quite impossible for
he? to put this enormous body into service. No country in the
world is in a position to furnish thirteen million soldiers with
uniforms, guns, ammunition, and food supplies, least of all Rus-
sia. It is said that Russia is in a position to mobilize but three
million soldiers. Let us take instead more than double this
amount to send to the front, say seven millions. .AS 531' 35 B91‘
Slum is concerned it must be stated that, on account of the sud-
denness of the German invasion, it was impossible to recruit
th0"0l18hly. To-day it is utterly out of the question to recruit
even a dozen soldiers in this country. One can. therefore. fix
the total fighting number of King Albert's forces at 250,000.
Sewia, with a population of four and a half millions should,
theoretically speaking, be able to furnish 450,000 men. She is,
h0“"3V9l'. rather weakened by her frightful loss in.the Balkan
‘V375; and also by the fact that the newly conquered so-called
New Servia (Macedonia), mostly inhabited by the Bulgarians,
does not willingly render assistance. Three hundred and fifty
thousand men is a very high estimate for Servia. Montenegro,
weakened just as Servia by the Balkan wars, and compelled to
5ght in its new possesions with the Northern Albanian Tribes,
can surely not furnish more than forty thousand men for war
Purposes. Vve must also add to the army of the Allies their
colonial troops. The men sent from Canada to England Wm
eventually be sent to France. Further transportation of HOOPS
fmm India. Australia, etc., seems to have ceased, as they are
‘mdoubtedly more needed in Egypt and India. It is also impos-
sible for France to withdraw more troops from her colonies.
Tl"? estimated number of men from the colonies fighting in
“fope can therefore be figured at about one hundred thousand,
whlch gives us the following result:
7,000,000 Russians
3,400,000 French
1,000,000 English
350,000 Servians
250,000 Belgians
40,000 Montenegrans
100,000 Colonial troops
12,140,000 Aggregate strength of the Allies.
France, like Austria, must also use a number of her regiments
T
Real "nussla.ns" only 58 millions!
to protect her Italian border-let us say one hundred thousand
men. Deducting this number, the entire strength of the Allies is
12,040,000 men, as against 9,900,000 Germans and Austrians. This
shows an unquestionably larger number of men on the part of the
Allied troops. In order to get a correct idea of the present di-
vision of the strength of the armies, it is necessary to take two
questions into consideration: First, the losses up to date on
both sides; and secondly, how many recruits could be called into
action up to this date.
Here again we can most easily determine the German strength,
because of the fact that she is the only nation which reports its
losses accurately. These losses may amount up to January 1, 1915,
to about 850,000 men; those of Austria to about 650,000 at the
utmost. The Turkish losses up to date are very small, because
only unimportant engagements have taken place. Therefore, we
will omit them, not considering on the other hand, the losses
which the Russians received from the Turks. Both will equalize
each other. VVe estimate, therefore, the losses (dead, captured,
slightly wounded and badly wounded):
850,000 Germans
650,000 Austrians
1,500,000 men
Thanks to the splendid hospital service in both countries, which
excels that of the other countries, except England, many of the
slightly wounded have long since returned to the front. It is
estimated that the number of slightly wounded is about fifty per
cent., or 750,000 men, from these at least 300,000 returned to the
front! These ligures must be deducted from the entire loss, so
that the German-Austrian losses amount to 1,200,000 men. ,
Entirely different are the losses on the Allies’ side. As far as
Russia is concerned, Germany and Austria have captured far
over half a million Russians. It is impossible to give even an
approximate figure of their dead and wounded. The sum total
of losses put at 1,600,000 may be rather too low than too high.
Hardly 100,000 of the wounded might have returned to the front;
so that the entire losses up to January 1; 1915, will amount to
1,500,000. .
The French losses may be estimated at about 800,000, of which
about 150,000 have returned to the front, 650,000 total losses.
The Belgians have, up to date, had a total loss of about 170,000
men; the English 120,000 men; the Servians 130,000 men; and
the Montenegrans about 10,000 men.
The total losses of the Allies will, therefore, up to January 1,
I915, amount to about:
1,500,000 Russians
650,000 French
170,000 Belgians
130,000 Servians
120,000 English
10,000 Montenegrans
2,580,000 Entire losses of the Allies
As against 1,200,000 Germans and Austrians
(To be continued next week)
GERMANY’S JUST CAUSE
EV. DIXON, an Englishiclergyman, declares in the Man-
chester Labour Leader: “England is fighting against Eu-
rope’s most progressive, most scientific nation, as the ally of
Russia, the most repulsive, cruel and despotic nation in Europe.
England's aim is to release a horde of barbarians against Europe."
The Italian writer, Cabiad, in the Criiica Sociaie, says Ger-‘
many created her great army only for defensive purposes, and
that England's attempt to create prejudice against “German mili-
tarism" is not meeting with success in Italy.
