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METROPOLITAN RECORD.
763
not only sai,-i-silly guaranteed in the great
A no: icon Charter, but is hollowed on the
. .1; of rights by the blood of
,,p,. hive shown that the office of the
f’f‘l‘.MIifelIt of the United Status was created
convention of th.- states held in
or the ,
Pliiladelphia in 1787. By convention of
States would not be understood to
mean the se arate territories which went
under the appelation of States, but the
iiorereigii bodies politic in the form of
state designations, represented in the Con-
vention by delegations, each of which dele-
-,atio v. , whether large or siiiall,having had
lint one voice in the ’ ' Those
l.pr,..ios who deny (H11! the >Sf.tlteS were
political sovereignties lose sight of this,
via; :f tho States were not sovereign bodies,
and nail not the sovereign power of creat-
ing, then their creature, the ofhee of Presi-
i.=i-nt, ivliicli those parties are so obsequions
to, has no validity, because they were the
only nasis til its creation, and the only
eouslitiitional pedestal on which it rests.
Aye, llm States can again assemble in con-
ventioii and ahrogabe the office, and return
to trio system of izoiifeilerntion, or adopt a
new system, if they so desire it.-(See Con-
stitution, Art. V.) From the inference we
ate enaliled to draw from the remarks of
some of those parties, we think that they
unknowingly consider our Constitution like
the o-nstituiioiis in the doiiiiiiioiis of some
0: the poteiitates of Europe, as the gift of
we goveriiinent, which run be taken back
or suspeiioed at tiie pleasure of the govern-
ment on: when Will the people wake up
from their sleep of the night of ilespotisin.
and slialie off that tliraldotii which hedges
them in this reign of lilfl ticistn? When
we Slates brought tlii- office of President
of the Uoiteil States into life, they inscrib-
ed this, their i.-icatioii, in it coiistitiitioii.
(lBl‘It4llely terincil "ii piece of slieepskiii,"
iiiiii in tiiis Constitution only is this exist.-
ence of the olli-:c to be lounii. It is not an
inheiitance. '1'lieCinistituiii>ii provides that
the ii-ciiuibi-.iit of the ollice shall be “ a
iiatuial horn citizen ;" that in entering tlii
office he shall take an oath to “preserve,
protect, and iietcnd theUoiistitution" which
gives tiiin csisti-nce as a Presiileiit; that
he “ shall be cuiiiin:iiii,lei'-in-cliiet of the
army and navy of flit‘. United Slates and of
too llilllliu of the several States wlii-ii call-
ed into .,.i-.iiiiil service or the Uiiiicilstates,"
signifying that lie is such roiniuander be-
oaiiiie he is made such by the fioiistitution,
not that it is inherent in his office ofPresi-
dent; that “ he shall have power, by and
saint: hotly, “ he shall appoint: zimbassiidors,
other publicininist:-rs and C0l'lSlllS,jlldgtZS,
of the Suprenic Court,” ikc, ; and that he
shall “take care that the laws be faithfully
executed,” K36.-wlvlkle Art.
It is requisite in us, as citizens of this
Republic, to re.-pect the President of the
United Suites, llEt,'lill.Ve lie is made such by
the Constitution.
The Pl'x::ItlLll[ of the United States, on
his part, is oliiiceil b the uoiistitutioii to
respect the rlgllla oi the citizens and the
States, lieiniuse, aside l'ioin the existence of
those rights prior In the lui'lu:i.Il0u of the
(loiisiitutioii, they are guaraiiteod by this
very iiisiriiineiit, iinicli is l.flH only author-
ity for his rignt to be the President, and
which prescribed to liiin the solcuin oath
t-Olteep liiviolate the giinraiitecs iind the
principles of government, which were
“Klee! to by the States whoii they had,.ful-
filled the riquireiiieiit of the 7th Article in
their ordinances of ratilic.itioii.
d %lielBl'lgLl1 of this letter compels iis to
E 01 the consideration of the foriiiation ol'
"'9 1‘eL'lslaLlVts Depiirtiiieiit lor our next.
eoiuiiiuiiicaiion.
JLIHN J. ll0Ylf.R.
adj.
WHAT WE own ro l.iscoi.s.-When the
tax collector comes around with his war-
rant ;
Vllieii we have to go and buy a stamp to
PM Upon a deed, note, itc. ;
L lien we have to take outa license to
“N or sell;
cent 0 a store and pay forty
W’: ‘‘ Pound for codes instead of ten;
‘in, ."‘“ WU look at. our public debt, and
will It accumulation at the rate per day of
Tia“ 32.0oo,ooo,
dn 9: We look at our sons and brothers
M til“ f-'0u.i their homes to fight in a
wgwar they ahnnr , and
“W fzdive look at the v cant chairs, or
1“ us“! “ Sraven of those woo have die ,
Mr Unzlipimbur that all these we owe to
him. an and the party that supports
J.
m5‘f’::9“l-XCAL stir Thus.-Half the noise
tlills.
llloqueiit Address of Hon. Clement
L. Vallandigham,
l.I'l‘l-IRARY AND POLITICAL SELF-CULTURE
A number of the students of the Uni-
versity of Michigan crossed over from
Detroit to Windsorrecently, on the Canada
side, to pay a formal visit to Mr. Valian-
digham, who was staying there. Mr. Val-
landigharn was introduced to the students
by Mr. H. L. McAllister, after which he
was addressed on behalf of the delegation,
by Mr. C. H. Buskirk.
Mr. Vallandigliarn then addressed the
students as follows :
I thank you, young gentlemen, for this
visit. I thank you sir, especially Mr.
Bus-kirk, for the compliments so handsome-
ly expressed on behalf of your fellows.
The applause of the young is the highest
praise, they speak the language of the
coming generation, and anticipate thejudgv
merit of posterity. To that judgment, if it
so be that my name shall chance to live in
the record of these times, I long since ap-
pealed; and meantime am willing to abide
the scrutiny which must precede it. With-
out fiirtlier personal allusion, therefore,
in reply allow me to pass to another sub-
ject, and if it be in my power, thus to
change a visit of ceremony to one perhaps
not altogether without profit.
You are students. Some of you still pur-
sue your classical and scientific studies;
others pr:-pare yourselves for professional
pursuits; all of' you at-oeager to rush into
the great world and be men. Yet in ii lit
tle while, when you hav> borne its hud'et-
iiigs w’th lusty sinew.-‘, not one of you but
will ext-laini with a sighe
“ Ah, happy Yours!
Who would not be a boy again."
But in the battle of life there is no re.
treat; and the brave spirits among you
will press forward. and the weak falter and
perish ; and just in proportion as you are
ilisoipliio-ii every way, you will be ready
to HIE-‘i whatever f0l‘tll:i5 may betida you.
“Redeem the time." There is no injunc
tion more suggestive. So many ‘iys and
years you have in pawn to the Almighty
Maker of heaven vi-id i-arth ; and those
only are reckoned roileeiiieil which are spent
prolitablv either to the body or to tho
inind. Youth is not tho oasoii for ease or
pleasure, but for lab vr and self-denial.
Whoever has practiced tliose hardy virtue-'
when a buy, and in early nianhooil, will, at
forty, o lttl ‘ii Illllid tlllil be y, find the
lawful pleasures of life full of sweetness.
Horace was riglite“.‘l1ulta tuliz fecitque
pun.”
The more ingenious among you incur an-
other, and widely iliffc.ent hazard. Yo
have endured heat and cold; have refrain-
ed from lust and vrino-, have abjured plea-
sure. or rather have found it in labor and
study. Your vigils l)ilVt3 “ outwntched the
bear." But yoiittiful aiiiuition is eager and
iuipatieiit. it sees i-otliiiig but FillllE.S
proud temple, and forges that it shines
afar. It sees not tho long and wearisotne
leagues of hill and valley, if forest and
rock, of thicket and jiiiigle, which lie be-
tween the goddiss and lIt‘l" worshippers.
counts every moment of ll lay and difficulty
on the way as a inoiuent lost There is, in-
deed, ii false goddess, whose fame is near
and easy of access. Haiil by is thp altar
of Mammon. Fr.-iiid, fiilsoiiood and violence
ue their joint sitiyls and priests. A tu-
niiiltuoiis crowd of idolatruns sud abject
worshippers tliroiig around. But notoriety
is not fame, and her ii olces soon perish,
Not such let yoiii- aiiibitioii be, but rather
' , and after him Lor
M1IllHE8l(i, proclaimed, “ the pursuit of
noble ends by noble ine-ans," and iours,
that popularity which tollcws, not that
which is run after. But to obtain this you
must learn early that inns-' didicult of all
lessons-to labor and wait. At twenty you
think forty an old age. At forty, ifyou have
disciplined your uiiiitls, it-id not abused
our bodies, you will find yourselves‘
younger but far wiser than you are today,
and the l.l.tlH‘ of your death will seem more
distant, and give you less cuiicertt '
will feel that there is a lifetime yet before
y u; a d‘ on are ofasii-oiig will and
brave spirit, and wortliy of a iiamr to live,‘
yourpast failures and defeats you will re‘
gard, then, as but probation and discipline,
a-id, indeed. as so many assurances of final
triuinph. Press on l but not in haste. The
Master of Ravens-worth chose a wise niutto
and not iniipt coat 01 arms, " a bull's head,"
and “ I hide my time." lii one other tliiii: be
not iu‘sl.aken., You are not .‘ooui to fit isli
Q.
iniilt in society is caused by ttiel
your studies. When you take leave of the
ull-iVeI‘:-‘lly, you but begin them.
l
S’
No man the days
ever attained great and enduring eminence , ning now the honor and the independence
without studv, not always of hooks. Me’
0 action have not leisiise at all times foi
books: but they are students, HBVt‘l‘ll‘lel<‘Flil
of the men and things around them‘ and
books are but the written records of things
and men remote or of the past." But they
have this advantage, that whatever they
record has passed though the alchemy of
the great minds by whom they were
written. And, moreover, in them we study
men and things divested of the prejudices.
of the bigotries, and the self-interested in-
duences of that which is present in time
ear in s ace. Especially is this true
of history-the most amplifying, liberal-
ining in its edect upon the mind and soul,
of all studies. He who remains a bigot in
anything has read history to little purpose.
And he who would comprehen the pre-
sent and discern the future, must give his
days and nights to this study. Prophecy.
uninspired, is but history anticipated.
Read history, and learn that the patriot.
the hero, the statesman, the orator whom
you reverence or admire in the [males of
Plutarch and Livy, or of Hume, Gibbon.
and Mncaiiley, was reviled and persecuted
in his own day and suffered death, it may
have been, at the hands of most of his own
generation. Ponder, too, the wisdom of
Moses, who. before the pleasures and honors
of the Kiii;:‘s court, preferred rather the
Red Sea and forty years in the V'l"ildsrness,
and death, and an unknown grave, that he
might become a great law-giver. and
founder of a new religion and of is powerful
eon a.
Most of you, young gentlemen, have read
the usual course of “ ancient classics.” It is
the fashion of our times to decry this
fly. But aside froin the perennial pleas-
ure through life which he receives who
seeks these precious loui tains, their prac-
tical value also will not he questioned by
him who reliects that our whole language,
and especially our scientific nomencl-itiire.
is derived largely from the Greek and
Latin, and that our entire literature is per
varied by the spirit of these classics, and
full of quotations and allusionsdrawn from
them. Cicero's magnificoiit eulogy upon
the studies which Archias taught is not at
all exaggerated when applied to the Gre
clan and Roman wrilingi which have come
down to us. if the modern s nlptor study
the Apollo Belvidere and the Driiig Gladi-
ator, w shall not the modern student
Ieirn the language of the men who chis
willed those Wonderful creations out from
the solid marble? But mostvaliiahle as
the mere discipline may bi-,it is not enough
that you content yourselves with the usual
course now prescribed in school or thi-
college. These writings must be a study
more or less through life. Let not any say
that he has “ no tiuie." ’1‘liiii‘e is i ways
time and A way for whatever ii stroii,;
willed, diligent man may choose to under-
take. What is most wanted in ajiidicious
economy of time, and a wise divisio I of it
in the multiplicity of employint-tits, so that
one thing shall be done at n tivue. 1 mi-
jorily of you, young gentlemen, ate pre-
paring yourselves for profcssioiial pursuits.
Whoever would tieoonie a Christian clergy-
inau, let him preach the cvangiile of Bethle-
hem. Let him confine himself to his legiti
mate duties, and aspire to hi‘. the inostfaith-
ful and exemplary of the meiiof his calling.
Whoever would practice surgery and medi-
cine, let his ambition be to riauli as nearly
as possil>le,or to excel, the acquireiuents
and skill of the greiitnicn who, in ancient and
modern times, have been the ornaiiionts of
that profession. The “ noviim organtim'
of medicine remains to be written, and he
who is to write it has not yet appeiirerl.
Why should he not be an Ainericaii? Wh,
not adorn the University in Micliiganl And
you young gentlemen, who prepare for the
profession of the law, will have a nobler
theatre to act in, than any who have gone
before you in the United Slates. Out of
the terrible revolution which now convul-
ses every part of our unhappy land. will
arise questions of constitutional an sta-
tute law, of personal liberty, of private
rights, of property, of life, grander, more
more infinite in variet
perplexing heretofore
in any age or country. I now “atniil
arms laws are silent," in your diiy, at least,
happily,
orm,survivi:i among us, arms will again
yield to the toga, and laws reign supreme.
With deligence. therefore, fixoil faith and
unalterable will prepare yourselves for the
estiny which lies before you, to the end
that in the next generation you may be
among the number of those who, upon the
Bench and Bar, shall restore and hear aloft
to higher renown the already illustrious
standard of British and American forensic
learnii ;; ii eloquence. Cowardice and
scrviliiy '
dis ace
0
-i
3
<
i<
than
f just
:2.
in
or the English bar and bench in
of the Stuarts, and these ; threat-
llie
-f the Am--rin.iii ju iii-iary. are atnoiig
moo ftliifnllllg iviillvlilf-3 oi the too...-.
roirisiiilier thzil, viliile alUll',1 with tho or--at
Elompden, lhe ii.-me o the li mast soil
fearless Criiko-, ii-id cl his iiolylo w le, st.ii
survive in honor, the ll[l.lEi'Bt'l'VlIlE and
unjust judges who sat with llffll and yield-
ed to political ixpeilii.-imy and "inlliiiii-y
necessity.“ liavv purisli.-o lioiii liiisiory, or
nrc remenilieii-d l)lllV in lie is ' toil. The
blessrd memory of L-lI'<l
fracrarit ;wiiile the iiaioe oi t‘ic bloody
Jclfriex, who L-si it[)“ll diatli upon ii is ti-lon’s
gr-,iiff,,lil only by llvillz llllst,-Iktlili lli .i feloii's
cell. is the oppiouriiiiiiof tiio English
bench. Al:-eiuon Sydiier iliediis :i too-
victed traitor; but in it le while his
execution was adjudged juili ial llIlll"l=‘.l';
and posterity, for six generations, Irni-l held
him in reveroiice as a ])‘itI‘ItJl.. l-‘iiicli,
King James the SeconiI's AElll’liA'y-(fffllcrftl,
procured tlii- i-oiivictioii, and tlrlith of the
Lord Russel,
pure and virtuous as a
cniispi ator against. thv Um.-iiiin iit. but
eight years iiflrrvraril-. Wlltll lit: would
have relievoii iiiiiisoii Ill piafllulllitlil. from
the odiiim cf [ll-‘ act, the ioilo;o.iiit cl-ainor
of the whole House forced ‘iini, in shame
‘.l!lt‘f confii-i-iii, to Tlsllluf‘ his seat; and
Russrl still l.vi-s ‘ll 1 iglatiil Illlll America.
as a inirli-i to Lil,-oi-ty Youi courage.
yciir li)l'lIllide-, your lllltllliii-I‘l vril also
soinc d-iy ho >:t'YElBly triod. But their
iemeiiiier (-r: in whose fame liriglitcns
just. as the iii. u'i0I'V of mo veiial ',il:4l'CUlt:[l
and barrister aioiiod hlui rols. wiih each
ruV()lVIllK year. anti who, when l.llEEldCt‘d
in our! by a file of sltillerrs, i, tlnrlilg
thirir iouskrts, as he ail lifr-5('il tuejiii-y in
diefciico of one (:l:l-4f‘!,El with ll'Bt<0n,
exclaimed ill mxiily ilifiitm-, “ Y :u may
ass.-issiiiatr, but you cann it ioiin.-i liitc rue."
R..iil, too. the speeclies, and alinire
alltl iiaitaie the heroic Eiskiiie, the
greatest of English l)all'lri[s'l‘S, who,
ugaiiiot the whole power of the Ext-rutive,
in time of boi'n foreign war and rebellion,
iuaintaiiieil for years, the rights an
liberties of Englishmen, with iiiidauuted
iiitrepidity, Piepare yOlll'Si‘.lVEEl by con-
tinued stuily of the ch-racters and nible
euiulatiiin of this ex-aiiiplus of these and
other great and good men of the pan , for
like scenes in your ovin day. Xi-rve your
liearts now for the sun, gle. llut reinrm-
her that ability, however oxact, are not
enough. Without pure nioials, correct
habits and integrity, you cannot
endure the trial. Be virtuous, be ‘pious;
every where and at all [lines rcnilers to
God and self, and iu:iii, whatever is due,
and does it in the Very spirit. 0! the Scr-
inon on the Mount.
But, young geiitleineii while I have thus
addressed you as students preparing your-
selves for the oi'diii2iry l)llhlllt'5H dill pru-
fessioiis of lile. well know that at any
time many ot you wouli tie, and in times of
such lreuiouilous iniport as just now are
upon us in our own count -, ll of you are
profoundly inti-,ri-steil in Pulltlcs.
ly you give to them more of your tliiiiigliis
than to any of your coll-giate oi pi'ol'es.-‘i-
oiialstudies. lknow, too, that inaiiy of
you, even now, look eagerly iorwaril to the
time when you will p.n's from your profes
sioiis into political life. ‘font is the goal
of your aiiioitiuus longiiigs.-Your
are fixed upon it. It is an lionoriible, a
lioly ambition: an ambition not to be
extinguished, but to be regulated. lie is
aillse teacher who uoulil tell the irigeiilous,
virtuous and public spirited youth of the
country that the politii-al ScrVlite of the
country is fit only for the vulgar, iliu lll'.-
pure and the corrupt. As there are hypo:
crites in the . ulpit, empirics in ineilioinu,
pettifoggers at the bar, and p!'Blt’llLlkl'S
everywhere, so there are duulugoguus in
political life, " a
morality as a plii osophy, ii science in
politics far above the circle of those rep-
tiles. Unhappily the low staodiirtl i.
capacity and morals set up and denounreil
by those who decline public life, and prac-
tically but often acknowledged by
politicians, is another oi the evil portents
which i.tire.iteiv our country. Of lhe
corrupting iiifluciices of =WMl0i> ‘ll 3“
times 1 need not it eak. But more delus-
ing and dangerous still, in seasons of great
public commotion. is the execrable vice
of fear. All these combined make up W3‘
most loathsome of all the objects of re-
proacli and scorn, a “scurvy iI0li‘i<-‘inn-"
He has burns the aims odious character in
it
wns cursed as both a spy and inloriiier, and
thence gave a name to the whole class of
deinagogues. In Rome he headed every
petty popular tumult and clainoi-ed fierce-