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'll 3
BLACK HAWK.
BY MARY BLACK CLAYTON.
Black Hawk was born in 1767, on Rock
River, Visconsin. His father, Vycsu,
chief of the Sacs, came from Canada to
“'isconsin, while the boundless “'est
was still under the control of Great Bri-
tain, and he was to the day of his death
the iirm friend and ally of the linglisli.
Black Hawk inherited his father's chief-
taiiiship and his hatred of the Ameri-
cans. lie was tall, straight and hrawny,
with a tirni face and an intellectual brow.
There were none so wise and eloquent
as he in the councils of his people, and
none so swift and sure on the war-patli,
or in the chttse.
He began early to consider the “'i‘4lIl‘;.i
his race had siilcretl at the himiis of
Anicricans, and he grew up with ils'[i‘i)llg
inclination to melanolioly and thought-
u no s.
He spent long days of solitude and
fasting, brooding ovcr sclieuics to turn
ac the ever-eiicroacliiiit: foot of the
pale-faces. He asstinicil the gilt of pro-
phesy, and tl>i(.‘(l the ouiiiiing oi' his sil-
very tongue to sw thc superstitions of
his people, anal, in his double character
of chiei and prophet, ho had vast power.
The ltock River Valley, where he was
born, and where he lived and ruled, hail
been coded to the United States in l-K04
y the Sac and Fox " s, wit I a pro-
vision that the Indiaiis should continu
to enjoy the lioincsand lniiitiiig-;.;roiiiids
of their fathers until w hitc settlers
should conic and sit down upon the
land and push them out.
The kimwimlgo that his home had
been givtni to strangers, who would,
sooner or latcr, come to claim it, embi
terotl lilzu-K Hawk‘ life. i
ll , said the chiefs who had affixed ‘
their gns to the treaty oi'l80-1 had been
viveu tire-water to drinkat the time, and
new not what. they did.
He rcmenihcrcd when they came home
laden with presents which were rich
iinery to the Indians. n fiery specclics
he implored his people not to vanisii
witiiout a strtitgglo before the white men,
who had driven the lndians all the way
from the Atlantic.
licforc his plan‘
quite ripe, the eve -widening ripple
o
vc'
‘ toswecp away its herirditury lord i
and chieftain. X itli a sore heart hc
' t the age of sixty-scvoii, to
cross the M ' iii, to scck a ncw
home. There he was very restless, and
x
civilmatioii hail rcaclicd ltovk lli
Va
told his people that the Great Spirit
constantly coinnianding him in his ’
dreanis to go over the flowing line of the
‘ ' own. He sent! out
the war-token of the blood-rcd liittcliet
to the neighboring tribes, and asked
their alliance.
In thc sprinrr of 1531, having colloctetl .-
thrce hundrell warriors, he went, wit 1
‘ women and children, to plant his,
foot upon his native prairie. l
He ordered the usurpcrs oi"liis tcrri- ,
tory to leave. llc destroyed their crops, ‘
threw down their fences, unroofed their
uses, and in his t followed the
usual awful devastation of an Indian
invasion.
The settlers called upon the Governor
of Illinois tor protection, and soon the
wilderness resoundcd to the tramp of
%t9-2GOLDEN DAYS:-er;.%
1
fifteen liuntlrcd men going to the rescue
of the people of Rock River Valley.
It is not according to Indian tactics to
meet an enemy of superior force in the
open iiold; and when the Illinois trool
reaclicd Black l rk’sancicnt hunting-
grounds, they found no foe to iiglit.
Thethreat olthcconiinanilcr,iicncral
Gaines, to cross the river in pursuit oi
them, with the largest military force
over asscnihled in Illinoi , wought
la-k linwk and his braves to sue for
peace; and they promised soiemnlyto
livc quietly on the west bank of the,
Mississippi. 1
The sin of a broken trcaty sits lightly
on the soul of an Indian, and lilaok
‘ Hawk prot',ccdcd to violate his plightetl l
word the follow
This time his confedcr included
nine tribes, and he took n th him the
“chivalry of his iiutinii.”
Once more the cry for help arose from
thrown in a wrestle. llo was seldom
ever bcat jumping. I)urin:.r the cam-
' i he was alw ' rcudv for an emer-
liai lship. h a
gootl soldier. lie never coinplained, nor
r .
“When lighting was expected or dan-
gerapprehcndcd, Lincoln was the first to
say, ‘ ‘g llc had the coniidcnce
of every niun in his conipuiiy, and they
strictly obi-yed h orders at it word.
His company was all young men, and
full of sport.” <
When the raw militia had been but a
in the ticld, they were defeated
in a battle with lilac]; lawk, during
which hc displayed considerable now-
ledge of thc white inzm‘s tactics. One
who took part in it, gives s thc follow-
ing account of the appcaraiicc of the Iii-
dian army:
“ It was ust after twilight, when we
saw Black llawk’s army coming down
l&L.xt'lx' ii.uvi:, LHIEY oi-' tin: s.xt‘s.
Rock River Valle uiil is answered
by niglitccii liunvlr volunteer .
A hideous suninicr for the s tlcrs fol-i
lowed. In civilizml witrl'ai'v, loos mcct ,
in talashing battle, tight each other, and
hat done with it; but when hostile Iii-
iiiini. inuast a country, cvory lililli, wo-
in:ui and child, (-Vivi-y nionuuit of the
limo, from one illliliiiglii. li)ZUlitllIl,‘l‘.1lT(.‘
in min :ui':i>r of l'i'i:htI'ul ili'.‘ll.ll than
it" they lived cuiistziiilly in th ll‘ ‘
ct -i.l)llllIii‘l'ill‘,: i-riiinon. 'l'hi: lndi us
crept so stvaltiiily and swiftly tlirougli
the forests that they Sceiiltttl to hi‘ t-v(‘ry-
where at 0llt'4"
'l'hi-, iiiajnrityol'tli-3 niilitia, siiuiin-mi-ii
from the plow and the wor -iwnirli, could
not well cope with ilic .x:iv;ii,;i-s, and ra-
ther iiicrcascii the puiiit: than allayod it. i
It was a long; time, in those (lays of to-I
dious travel, before regulars cniilil Yemtll i
tiic ,en(, ifantion, and ilic brcaltiiig out
of cholera aiiioiig them, while on tho,
iIliIi‘i'li, made as much havoc as lilllny‘
' tiles.
Ahraliiiui Iiinrzoln, afterward the fa-
Iimus Prosideiit oi’ the l'n' States,
led a coin iy of inili I. in this wa .
ne of his i llow-soldiers gives us this
glitnpso nt‘ him:
“ lnirint; this short Indian caiiipniqn
we had hard tllIlUS%()i'l(‘iI hungry; hut
we had a good Ill ll of sport, 0 iccially
oi'riit:iits-foot-rat: ii.;,soinelio ' r
tciiiiitg tiiincilotvs, in which Liiicolii b at
all, kct:pinv,; tip it votistaiit laugliter and
will humor all the time; anion;:, the
.-iohlit soiiie games and ivrostliiig, in
which liincoln took a proininvnt part
I think it safe to say he was never
F
upon us in solid column. They do.
ployod, in the iorni of ac :cnt,'upoii
thc brow of the prairie, and such accu-
i':1cy and procisioii oi‘ miliiarv Iiiiivo.
mcnts were ni-vcr witiitessei ' ' man.
’l'ht>Vwcro equal to the host tiioopsof
“'ollin:tiin. in .N‘p:iin.
““'liat was most woiidorfiil, there
wcro large srpuircs of cm‘ lry resting
npoii the points of the crcs int, which
srpinre. w rc npportnd ;i;;nIii hvothur
colunius iiftvcn ti (opp, i:.xoinliiiw
back thron;;h lhc woods and over
swamp three rpiartorsoi' a mile, which
1lLjilllI rested upon the main hoilv of
lilacl-I IlawL's army. It was a terrible
ht.“
Z‘
i ht so terrible and glorious
that the militia did not stav [it look at it
but ran until they could rim nu) nioro.
lack llawk captured on this out o
a white shirt, with lace ruiilw-i. llc
proudly appeared aftori ird with the
white man‘s iincry drawn over his decr-
skin leggings.
httat lciigtli there were twcntv-four
hundred men, under exptzriericed rim.
0' ' the li('lil a-vainst I wk Ilawk.
allies‘, foroseciii-,; his . iiijugitgitm
hogan to fall away from him and betray
his inovcmonts to his eiiemios, to save
their own skins.
lnsc of July, he was defeat-
ivo h:tttl,. The tide had
iist the old oliivf.
his oniisc s i lost, tIi>sp:iii'('.(l of cvcr rc-
conipicriii;.; tho home of his heart, mm
was ill) (Iil.‘(li)ll.s'VlliHV to put the wulgrg
oi ti .. .. ppi bctwceii him and his
pursucr .
y
May 20, 1882.
They came up with him near the junc-
tion of the liad Axis ltivcr uith the Mis-
si sippi, and there hc rcsoi-toil to a brave
stratagein to mve thc inain body of his
eople.
lie and twenty warriors, in<-ludinx.; his
own son, posted lll()lIlSt‘lV(.’.S in the cuui-so
of the enemy, and iircd so iiorvoly, alter
having cunniiigly coiicoalcii then
i uitli trccs and logs and tall , that
, the Ainericans Stipposcd that his whole
‘2lrlll)'“'liS there. He hoped to riigii,-.-;o
thc oncm attention while liisfolliiii UPS
i escaped across the river. “'licn the
I Atiicricans cliargod upon his hidin;;-
i place, and he w s cniiipclleil to retreat,
i he iiiaiiagcii it uith such skill that they
thought they were pursuing the whole
horde of Indians.
i t)iieilciat-liiiiciit of the army, liowcvvr,
l got upon the true trail of the main hotly
of Black Ilawl;‘s people, htintctl thcm
iptn a swamp and ma. tiered the most oi’
iom.
One hundred anti iifty of the Indians
were shot, an as II‘ ‘ more xx ere
idrowiied in the Mix ppi. l“il'ty pri-
soners uero taken, mostly squtnis and
childri-ii.
Black Hawk and his tuuiity warriors
escaped to the Dallas, on thc “'is<:oii'siti.
Here they were soon betrayed and cap-
turod.
The ruined chief and his son were
. taken to Wasliingtoii. )1 any people
i thought they l)ll].;lll to be put to (loath to
, avenge the bloody murders committed
i (1lll'lllL; the war.
, u all this occurred in the good old
i days when Antlrcw Jackson the grout,
the inagiiaiiiinotis, was 1’i'esitleiit of tho
i United States, and he reftisctl to allow a
, hair of Black llaw shead to be liarincd.
e was paraded throtigli all the princi-
E pal cities oftiic couiitrv, to show him
i how iiuiiierous were the cnoniitts of his
; race, and to all the principal fox-tiii ‘ins
‘ to show him the inexhaustible store of
weapons in reaiiinc's to dcstrov those
. who went to war with thcm. ”
t last lie was taken safely lJ:i('l( to his
i new home on the nest bank oi‘ llii‘ Mis-
‘ . ppi, convinced that it x uso to
light the fate which had nindc the pale-
.' i‘ his people. He
i l‘ cu aw-
i cord only to their bravest and hc t. liis
l grave was made on a iiigii hill, and ho
‘ placed in it in sitting I)USllll't',
;‘;;::.;“3..::'::'.,:::::'“;'l ':v
z " '4.‘ H (‘I .- 11"],
to bike his place, beside thol warrior: of
the Great Spirit when he l'U1li:lICll tho
l)1l]>[1J3l' huiiting-;.;rouiids of thc other
VUT .
- -4. ,,
COURTESY.
It is often ll-lt that the man of distinc-
tion is usually a in n n (-ai'olo.sx' and
thouglitloss ofotlit-rs, and that his honors
remove him from tho duty of paving
those little acts of kindncss which niaku
up so niui-.h of the happiness of liic.
This need not, however, he the case.
Many nicn oi‘ renown, world-widc, have
been the most courteous, and the most
ready to grant any favor. This was espe-
, cially true of the great poet who lias
lately died.
Ikir. Lon;,vi'cllow man or‘ the
, lciiulust hi-art, gentle, tender (in r
ot it faults, williiit; to sac iico hisown
i iiitert-,sts to others, and cvcr entzcr to help
any one (l(‘SL3i‘VliI;.',‘ aid. Tliose who
worked in his Iiouse and on his rstatc,
lovciland respected him. Toward young
authors ho illy courteous.
It is tolt voting Wulilt I
z
I-'
esp
that it ‘ once
sent him several of her poems, with the
request that lie should obtain for tlicm a
place oi‘ publi atioii. V’itIi the proeoeds
she hoped to . herself in obtaining
i an cdiicatioii. He was unable to secure
their pnhlicatioii, Itntl so wrote her; but
in thc letter he iuelosed a clicque for a
considerable amount-a gift to her, 11
perfect stranger.
ltudone s, tliouglitlessness of others,
are never signs of great reputation or of
genius. The man of letters or oi‘ schol-
arship, whose works iiiav he ]‘Cd(l in it
dozen languages, is usually tender of
heart, syiiipiitlictic, willing to help every
one, especially the young, in evcrv W
uilort. (f, i
Trem-
-Speakinr,-; truth is like writing fairy
I and comes only by practice; it is h u
i matter of will than of habit; and I doubt
ii’ any occasion can be trivial which por-
niits the practice and forinatioii of such it
it.-ltttslrizt.
,,,‘-L
:1‘?
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