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ggi
ings and distant cries of joy penetrate to our lines. ,
i 5 ‘ - How splendidly it has all beenarrangedl (‘They have even strung
‘ theittrees with electric lights to avoid affording our artilleryna good
.5.‘
1
if its vitalityris strong enough tomaintain its sovereignty, a nation
facing a great crisisxis bound to produce a great man. The fail-
‘ ,j ure td produce him is a sign of decrepitude. Had the United States .
failed to pr‘oducerarLincoln at‘ the critical moment it would have
A rbeenidoomed to lose at least its unity. . r I
' Turkey has given a proof of her intense vitality by producing a
‘ man whose greatnessjand ability rank him with the greatest--Enver.
; Pasha. - K ‘ ‘ ‘ ' 7
For the last decadepwheneverithe Ottoman Empirefaceid a crisis,
, one man has always taken the foreground without shrinking before
i "the responsibility or the danger,‘that man was Enver Pasha. A k
A little over eight years ago, when the partition of the Empire“
9 seemed to be imminent after the agreements of .Reval and Mfirtzeg,
and when the only way to check-mate Europe was to force the hand
Wof the Sultan in proclaiming a Constitution, a young Staff Lieuten-
“ ant of the Turkish Army, seconded by a handful of patriots,‘ or-
, ganized and.led the successful revolution of 1908. ; This was the
Ifirsttirne that Enver, although prominent socially, became [known to
the world at large.‘ ‘ - 1 ,. .
' A‘ year and a half later, when Constantinople fell in the hands
bi . of aniirresponsibleand reactionary mob after a bloody coup dew
" mairi, it was again Enver who, as the moving spirit of Mahmoud
Shevket Pasha’s army,(re-established law and order in the Capital.
VVhen in 1911, Italytreacherously attacked Turkey and landed
‘her, troops in‘Tripoli,’ cutting it from the Empire, Enver stole
throughpthe Italian blockade and crossing ‘the African desert from
" Tunis‘to Cyrenaica, suddenly appeared in Bengazi and organized
the Arabian tribes into an. army which not only repeatedly defeated
the Italians, but is still keeping them fromadvancing in the Tri-
politan hinterland. 1 ‘ 1 ‘ 1 I .
' During the first Balkan‘war, Enver strictly conforming hirurelf
2 to military discipline, served as a Captain under ordersiiof an array
7 . v of superior otiicers, who had the reputation of being thevcream of
"the Turkish Army. But as soon as the repeated defeats proved the ‘
incapacity of the then Turkish High Command, and when the mur-
l ,der of -lNazim Pashaprematurely deprived Turkey of its only‘mili-
--tary genius of the time, Enver, taking’ advantage of the second
,THE FATHEnpANogyi
1 1 .. ENVER'
V i By Mufti Zade ZiayBey. ' y
PASHA 1 ,
V Balkan war, marched to the conqiuesrof Adrianople and wrested
,back for Turkey. , V ' " ' ‘
matureifory his high mission, Minister of 'VVar and feverishly or-
ganizing the Turkish Army for the task of defending the country
against anyattack. , And after two years.of glorious fighting Enver
Pasha’s reorganized Turkish Army not only has victoriously de-
, fended the sanctity of the Ottoman soil in the Caucasus, in Persia, ‘
i in Mesopotamia, in Egypt and at the Dardanelles, but is ‘effectively
helping in thedelense of Galicia and in the conquest of Roumania.
As a man, this young General oflthirty-five could not be better
described thanpby the excellent picture published in this issue.
While in private he can be the most charming and agreeable coni-
panionuhis manners become rigidly calm and ‘severe in official life.
,He was born to command, but unlike many.' others, he has never
taken the command unless he knew it was absolutely necessary and
has each time withdrawn after having accomplished what he had
gone out for. He has taken ‘full advantage of his stay as military‘
. attache’ in Berlin to perfect himself in military science and his rapid
assimilation of German tactics and
‘system has earned himthe per-
sonal friendship of theKaiser. ‘ ‘ i i
-As an organizer, the results given by the military machinery he’
has applied in Turkey speak for themselves. ..A careful analysis
of his genius andabilities vividly brings to the mind Frederick the
Great and Napoleon. His military capacities have-been brought 4
out by this war and his name will be linked in the memories of the‘ ‘
coming generationspwith those of iHindenburg and Mackensen. '
Turkey has just announced her monumental [decision to repudiate
the suzerainty of the great powers of Europe.‘ This step places her ‘
on a footing of equality with the independent nations of the world. ‘
As such she willbe received by the Central'.Powers and by the
neutral world. It seems certain thatiEnver'Pasha had a hand in the
V’ shaping of this historical event, ' ‘ .
Enver Pasha has proved beyond doubt that he: canibe countsd
amongst thegreatest organizers 7produced by History, andihis A.
achievements have rendered him indispensable for the welfare 05 ’
Turkey. where heyis recognizedias the first man of the c0untfY- V
, .1-IRISTMAS EVE has come. V p e p
r I raise myself on the ledge cut out of the earth of the trench.
..“True‘. enough, at three dif’ferent'.points,<in the remote distance,
av appear lights. A short observation" gives me the clue to this strange
, illumination. Three enormous pine trees have been erected at differ-
j'ent points under the protection of the night, and are now sparkling
5 with lights. By means of my field glass I am able to distinguish
..them quite clearly, even the shadows dancing aboutthcm. if Mutter-
K '.target.i Accordingly, ever and anon, the lights disappear and then’
‘ 1 fiash forth again in thesamegtree. But weitremble as,-suddenly, we
‘ become conscious of a solemn song wafted across the mighty plain. ‘
v Ourrecollectidn of similar choruses which we heard in the midst
iofitragic events at Bixschootevis still fresh; They are the same
clearyharmonious voices, upliftedin a choral, whichin the North
‘burst’ into German songs just before the hurrahs-of the general
attack. , A , . . <
Our trench hasisuddenly become noiselessly animated. Our men
I ‘have come silently out of their dug-outs, and all arestanding on the
raised bank of earth. ‘Now, as by word of command, new chorals
‘ are rising from the line of German trenches, seeming to answer one '
‘fanotherl Not very far from us, in the trenches, about the Christmas
- trees,’ we hear singing, subdued by the distance.‘ How-grand and
impressive‘ are these hymns, whose deep chords‘ come floating over
'the,remote clay plains. . '
. . At other timesxthese singers would.
have been ridiculed, insulted. But all that is changed. I I seem to
A .
take part in some such festivity.
A sensea feeling of regret in our brave boys that they are unable to
’ i .
The night seems, destined to afford me every of surprise," but '
A ’ GERMAN CHRISTMAS IN THE‘ TRENCHES - 7 i = ’ 1
‘ .r T -By MarcelDupont,‘French Cavalry Ohicer i, M if’ , . ’
. , ., i this lastisurpasses everything I could possibly expect. I wish I could, . .
, communicate the ‘extraordinary impression I felt, but only 9105‘? Wh”. 1 ; -
, were present are able to realize the emotions of this night. -AC1’?-55‘. ‘
this wide, silent plain, silent as to every other. sound, where CYGTY.‘ .
1 thing now seems wrapped in sleep, there are suddenly borne I0 9”’,
S‘
3
O
-9
, ears the vibrationsiof a sound that seem distinct despite the dis
Whata unique momentl This song,.thrilling through the ilmnlty :
of the night, makes our hearts beat and affects us more than a 69?’. V
‘cm by the most famous artists. 4 , - i ‘ ' ‘ '
It is another hymn unknown to us, penetrating to our ears-‘from
the remotest‘ German’ trenches. The singermust have
have been llslenifig to him for some time before deciding “’ .3“ me‘
Who is this man whose ‘mission’-it must be to pass,a.lons' ‘he ‘
‘font in PYBYCY. and whom everylGex-man compam’ 5e5m5‘m he-‘L
expectingin order to join him in his appeal to God? POSSIMY 3' .
Driest intent on awakening a sense of the solemnit)’ 05 the night
and the fateful spirit of thevhour in the breasts of the Hghi“-""‘ ,
Now‘ the voice reaches us from the trenches directly 0PP05‘te'
Despite the clearness of the night we aretunable to distinguish the
‘mm of the singer, for the two lines are separated by “least 400
meters of space. ‘ But he is certainly not hiding, else his voice W011
not be so clearly heard. And now our immediate 0913039“
‘lake Upithe refrain of the choral, with its soft, mysterious word-5"‘
theselsoldiers whoare defending the opposite trench’, ‘ '
gifliglh The sound of a shotl 1 s . 1‘ P05.
. t e senseless bull ' the all‘ 3”
sibly hit its mark! A s1iild‘e’ii1hiixsrliai’alEt otr]1“.t(li:g'Islcene.‘ N0 C1'Y:‘“"
curse, no wail. A'Someone nearby fancies to have SC1"i5,d 3 goo
PWPOSC by aiming at this man. What a pityl . V 1
’‘ Theopcning of‘ the European war found Envergnow, eornpletelyi
taken his '.v‘f ‘
Dosition, inrthe open field atthe eictremeiend of the line. vWh1ther . >-
Com.“ he? Evidently from a great distance, for our,sharP5h00ters ', ‘
vhole '
rs calmly ,